Case Study 146 - Tethered cord syndrome Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) refers to a condition that involves the pulling of the spinal cord at the base of the spinal canal. The spinal cord normally hangs loose in the canal, free to move up and down with growth, and with bending and stretching. A tethered cord, however, is held taut at the end or at some point in the spinal canal. In children, a tethered cord can force the spinal cord to stretch as they grow. In adults the spinal cord stretches in th

Case study 140 - Klippel Feil Syndrome Klippel-Feil syndrome is a bone disorder characterized by the abnormal fusion of two or more spinal bones in the neck. The vertebral fusion is present from birth. Three major features result from this vertebral fusion: a short neck, the resulting appearance of a low hairline at the back of the head, and a limited range of motion in the neck. In people with Klippel-Feil syndrome, the fused vertebrae can limit the range of movement of the neck and back as wel

Case Study 150 - Cauda equina syndrome (CES) Cauda equina syndrome is a medical emergency that happens when an injury or herniated disk compresses nerve roots at the bottom of your spinal cord. The cauda equina nerves communicate with your legs and bladder. It causes back pain, weakness and incontinence. Quick surgical treatment may prevent permanent complications. (Source: Clevelandclinic.org) #sundaycasestudy #ladyspinedoc #healthcareworker #hospital #surgery #neurosurgeon #medicalschool #meds