The meaning of EXINE is the outer of the two major layers forming the walls of some spores and especially pollen grains.

Sporopollenin is a biological polymer found as a major component of the tough outer (exine) walls of plant spores and pollen grains. It is chemically very stable (one of the most inert among …

The main difference between intine and exine is that intine is the inner layer of a pollen grain whereas exine is the outermost protective layer of the pollen grain. A pollen grain is a male …

The exine, or outer layer, is composed of a highly decay-resistant chemical called sporopollenin. The exine usually has one or more thin areas, or pores, through which the pollen tubes …

Here, we review the current state of knowledge about the exine and aperture patterns, their perceived roles in plant reproduction, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms that guide …

A key and distinguishing feature of pollen grains is the exine since it consists largely of the unique polymer in Nature known as sporopollenin. The exine is subdivided into an outer, sculptured …

2018年8月2日 · Here, we review the current state of knowledge about the exine and aperture patterns, their perceived roles in plant reproduction, and the cellular and molecular …

2013年11月30日 · The pollen wall comprises the outer exine and the inner intine layers. It plays important roles in protecting pollen from various environmental stresses including microbial …

Exine is the outer layer of the pollen grain wall in seed plants, made up of a robust and complex mixture of organic materials, including sporopollenin. This tough layer plays a critical role in …

exine the outer coat of a POLLEN GRAIN, that often has protuberances, spines, etc. The exine also has one or more areas where the wall is thin, forming a pore through which the pollen …