A pre-entry closed shop (or simply closed shop) is a form of union security agreement under which the employer agrees to hire union members only, and employees must remain members …

Closed shop, in union-management relations, an arrangement whereby an employer agrees to hire—and retain in employment—only persons who are members in good standing of the trade …

2017年4月19日 · 因此，具体在closed shop这个词里，shop的“开”与“关”跟商店和歇业都没有关系，它指的是一线工人和工会组织的关系。 其中严格意义上的closed shop已经被1947年的塔夫 …

2020年12月2日 · What’s the Difference between Closed Shop, Union Shop, Open Shop, Agency Shop and Right-to-Work? A company that only employs union members and requires them to …

closed shop翻译：只雇佣工会会员的企业（或工厂）。了解更多。

2021年4月3日 · “Closed shops” are businesses that require all of their workers to join a labor union as a precondition of employment and to remain members of the union in order to keep …

2018年5月21日 · CLOSED SHOP refers to a union security clause in labor-management contracts that stipulates that all persons who are to be employed must be members of a …

2025年1月23日 · A closed shop is a workplace where union membership is required for employment. This model has been debated for its influence on workers’ rights, hiring practices, …

A closed shop is an arrangement whereby a place of employment requires current membership in a specific union as a condition of employment. While initially permitted, the practice of closed …

2024年4月6日 · A closed shop is a form of union security agreement where the employer agrees to hire union members only, and employees must remain members of the union at all times in …