Biochemistry of CYP21. Steroid 21-hydroxylase (P450c21, CYP21) is a microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme that converts 17-hydroxyprogesterone to 11-deoxycortisol and progesterone to deoxycorticosterone. As with other microsomal P450s, the enzyme accepts electrons from a NADPH-dependent cytochrome P450 reductase, thus reducing molecular oxygen and ...

Biochemically, this enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of the adrenal gland hormones aldosterone and cortisol, which are important in blood pressure regulation, sodium homeostasis and blood sugar control.

Biphasic regulation by N6, 2′-O-dibutyryl adenosine 3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate (dbcAMP) of steroid 21-hydroxylase activity in rat hepatocytes. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 1994, 48 (5-6) , 557-561. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-0760(94)90208-9

CAH traditionally has three forms based on clinical phenotypes: a severe form with a concurrent defect in aldosterone biosynthesis (salt-wasting type) and a form with apparently normal aldosterone biosynthesis (simple virilizing type) together termed classic 21 …

2015年8月31日 · Biochemistry. 21-hydroxylase is one of the cytochrome p450 enzymes, which converts 17-hydroxyprogesterone to 11-deoxycortisol and progesterone to deoxycorticosterone. These resulting metabolites represent the precursor of cortisol and aldosterone respectively. 21-OHD leads to reduce the amount of cortisol and aldosterone synthesis.

Human cytochrome P450c21 (steroid 21-hydroxylase, CYP21A2) catalyzes the 21-hydroxylation of progesterone (P4) and its preferred substrate 17α-hydroxyprogestrone (17OHP4). CYP21A2 activities, which are required for cortisol and aldosterone biosynthesis, involve the formation of energetically disfavored primary carbon radicals.

Human CYP21A2 (steroid 21-hydroxylase) acts on the side-chain attached to C-17 in ring D of a steroid substrate, but the configuration of ring A also plays a prominent role in substrate cognition.

21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OH Deficiency) represents the most common form of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH), a complex and heterogenous group of conditions, characterised by defects in one of the five enzymes involved in adrenal ...

The steroid hydroxylases CYP17A1 (P450c17, 17-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase) and CYP21A2 (P450c21, 21-hydroxylase) catalyze progesterone hydroxylation at one or more sites within a 2 Å radius.

21-Hydroxylase: CYP21A2. CYP21A2 catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon atom 21 to form DOC from progesterone and 11-deoxycortisol from 17-OH progesterone (Fig. 36.1). 21-hydroxylase is essential for the production of