The primary active form of the vitamin, thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), is also known as thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). ThDP is a necessary cofactor for enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism ...

4 TMAO was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography as previously described. 2 On the day of study inclusion, PR was measured on a Coulter FC500 flow cytometer (Coulter Krefeld, Germany) by ...