However, the control and operation of these actuators were restricted by bulky, noisy, and vibrating pneumatic systems. This work introduces a pumpless pneumatic actuator design based on liquid–gas ...

Based on them, a portable semi-active upper-limb exoskeleton was developed for sustained overhead and ahead postures. The exoskeleton is controlled by a portable pneumatic system and the total mass is ...

Abstract: The control of pneumatic soft robotics is challenging due to nonlinearites arising from many factors including pneumatic system components and material properties of the soft actuator.