On May 7, 2025, the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) released the full guideline for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating lupus nephritis (LN), which appeared in Arthritis & Rheumatology.

Renal biopsy is invasive with well characterised, if rare, risk of haemorrhage. While the initial biopsy confirms the diagnosis, nephritis class and other parameters, prediction of treatment response ...