Macrophages digest agLDL and generate free cholesterol in an extracellular, acidic, and hydrolytic compartment ... which stains neutral lipids (both agLDL and lipid droplets). We quantified ...

The key lies in extracting the relationship between the signals inside the cells (intracellular signals) and those recorded on their surface (extracellular signals). "We discovered that ...

By retention of exoenzymes, an extracellular digestion system is formed around the biofilm cells. This degrades complex biopolymers even from particulate materials and allows the bacteria to ...

While the intracellular–extracellular distribution of lactate has been suggested to play a critical role in the healthy and diseased brain, tools are lacking to noninvasively probe lactate in ...

This study illuminates the effects of ultrasound-induced extracellular vesicle interactions with macrophages ... High-intensity US (3.0 W/cm 2) irradiation increased EV secretion from C2C12 murine ...

These sample types also underwent enzymatic digestion and serial low- and high-speed centrifugation. The high-speed supernatant then underwent ultracentrifugation to wash/pellet extracellular vesicles ...

Ultrastructural analyses also revealed that microglia displayed increased phagocytic activities and extracellular digestion of degraded elements during infection. Mice pharmacologically depleted in ...

LPS is able to trigger inflammation through both intracellular and extracellular pathways. Classical interactions between LPS and host cells first involve LPS binding to LPS binding protein (LBP), a ...

However, accumulating evidence is redefining the functions of GrK by the discovery of novel intracellular (e.g. cytotoxicity, inhibition of viral replication) and extracellular roles (e.g. endothelial ...