Abstract: We demonstrate a simple technique for polarization-mode-dispersion (PMD) monitoring that is insensitive to chromatic dispersion (CD). By monitoring the extracted radio-frequency clock power ...

GDP per capita can be stated in nominal, real (inflation-adjusted), or purchasing power parity (PPP ... The net exports formula subtracts total exports from total imports (NX = Exports - Imports).

Who was your childhood idol? At the recently concluded Shenzhen Cultural Expo, icons spanning generations made star-studded appearances. Did you know many of your childhood heroes originated in ...

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) using ionic liquid (IL) as extraction solvent was developed as a new approach for the determination of four pyrethroid pesticides in environmental ...

Variance is a measurement of dispersion across a data set ... Variance is calculated by using the following formula: You can also use the formula above to calculate the variance in areas other ...

When a team with enough high-end talent to outscore anyone in the league starts overwhelming opponents with smothering defence, it’s a scary thing. Ask the Vegas Golden Knights. Or the Dallas ...

Abstract: 2R regeneration based on dispersion-imbalanced loop mirror is investigated including the characteristics of transfer function, output extinction ratio, initial chirp, predispersion, and WDM ...