In most cases, for scale-up, temporary tanks (propagators) are needed. These are smaller in volume than the main stream reactors (2-5% of main system). Once the technology is applied, if there are no ...

Last month, van Loosdrecht won the prestigious Spinoza award, the highest Dutch award in science, for his invention of an aerobic granular sludge technology called Nereda. The prize will give van ...

Removing one kilo of wastewater through a biological system produces half a kilo of sludge, which then needs to be disposed of, according to Antonio Lopez, project co-ordinator at WRI. ‘With this ...