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Researchers discover collisionless shock waves as cosmic engines accelerating subatomic particles in space to extreme speeds.

The homogeneous solution gives the purely diffusive motion of current carriers and involves large space charges. The electric field is then found, and approximate space charge neutrality is restored, ...

Researchers from Los Alamos National Laboratory have discovered that cosmic-ray showers seem to play a pivotal role in triggering lightning flashes. The research is published in the journal JGR ...

Dynamo action enables a conducting fluid, such as plasma, with sufficiently complex motions, to amplify and maintain its own magnetic fields against the diffusive effects, which weaken them.

But the sources of the emissions were unexpected, Ray says. Methane bubbles increased, but diffusive, or passive, carbon dioxide dropped, as did methane emissions through the water’s surface.