The researchers also analyzed the cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) that cover the outermost layer (cuticle) of virtually all plants and insects, serving as a waterproofing agent and as a ...

spinigerum, measuring approximately 5 mm in length and 0.5 mm in width. The parasite has a typical lip and head bulb. The body was covered with cuticular spines, while the wall of the parasite ...

Leaf water flow depending on water availability. When water is available and photosynthesis is active, stomata open for gas exchange, and total conductance (gtw) results from stomatal (gsw) and ...

Abiotic factors are non-living chemical and physical elements in the environment, which affect individual organisms as well as ecosystems. Examples are UV, IR and visible light, radiation ...

Phyllosphere microbiota represents a substantial but hardly explored reservoir for disease resistance mechanisms. The goal of our study was to understand the link between grapevine cultivars ...

这些基因涉及肌肉形成、免疫反应、蛋白质运输、合成和修饰等多个方面。例如，肌养蛋白样蛋白（myotrophin - like）和表皮蛋白 47Eg 样蛋白（cuticular protein 47Eg - like）与肌肉生长和蜕皮相关；半乳糖特异性凝集素（galactose - specific lectin nattectin - like）、核糖核酸酶 ...