As the acronym suggests XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) is a spectroscopic technique. An XPS spectrum is displayed as the number of photoelectrons collected by the detector as a function of ...

the standard information depth of XPS being less than 10 nm. Raman spectroscopy is utilized in a number of similar application areas as it requires minimal sample preparation, is nondestructive, ...

XPS relies on the photoelectric effect ... leading to the ejection of photoelectrons. By analyzing the energy spectrum of these photoelectrons, information about the surface composition and chemical ...

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS): XPS uses soft X-rays (typically Al Kα or Mg Kα) to probe the core energy levels of atoms. XPS provides quantitative information about the elemental composition, ...