Conventional curved lenses, which direct light by refraction in glass or plastic, are often bulky and heavy, offering only ...

The course covers important physical phenomena related to light: photons, waves, rays, refraction, diffraction, interference, and polarization. It introduces design of composite lens systems, as well ...

This chapter focuses on the mechanisms responsible for the build‐up of a modulated space‐charge electric field under the action of a modulated pattern of light projected onto the sample, without ...

Scientists have developed an impossibly thin telescope lens that addresses a key astronomical challenge in a new study funded ...

DURING the last visit of the late Dr. E. W. Washburn to Toronto in the latter part of 1933, in an address on the properties of heavy water, he announced that water vapour, when condensed at very ...