The eligibility criteria for infants were a gestational age at delivery between 25 weeks 0 days and 28 weeks 6 days, no known condition that might adversely affect breathing after birth apart from ...

The trial was stopped for efficacy at the time of the single preplanned interim analysis. Among 1417 patients who were included in the final analysis (91.5% of whom underwent intubation that was ...

The criteria for intubation and MV included FiO 2 requirement >0.30 and rising, CO 2 retention (PaCO 2 >50 to 55 torr), apnea (>20 seconds), and/or moderate-to-severe retractions.

NPPV adjusted to a tidal volume of 10-15 mL/kg of predicted body weight led to 4.8% of patients meeting prespecified criteria for endotracheal intubation compared with 13.7% of patients randomized ...