rheumatoid arthritis. In the cervical and thoracic spine, the joint surfaces are roughly planar, but not truly flat, being reciprocally convex and concave; in the lumbar region, the facet joints ...

The thoracic spine is part of your spinal column and is composed of 12 bones that are stacked one upon another. The thoracic spine is located between your cervical and lumbar spines, and it serves ...

Test #1: Thoracic Rotation ... For this reason, I classify the T-spine as an “engine joint.” By calling it an engine, I’m focusing on the ability for hoselines to twist, turn, and move ...

the vertebrae create joints that allow the spine to bend and twist. The joints of the thoracic spine are important to arm movement, bending over, and other movements. Several muscles that are ...

Upper back pain is less common than lower back pain, but it can still be chronic and impact your life. It’s easier to know how to treat upper back pain if you understand its causes. Express.co ...

A few months ago I went to physio because of ' muscle pain' being experienced just left of my spine what felt like just below my shoulder blade. This was treated as secondary stiffness caused by joint ...

Osteoarthritis of the spine specifically affects the facet joints, which are the bones that connect the spine, as well as the ligaments and cartilage between the spinal bones that make up the spine.

Spinal fracture in an ankylosed spine is also difficult to treat. We recently treated a case of thoracic spine fracture in a patient with Parkinson's disease complicating a severely ankylosed spine.