But before MOF membranes could be used on a large scale, ... For instance, a one cubic meter hollow-fiber membrane module could contain as much as 10,000 square meters of membrane area.

Figures 1A and 1B. Example set-up of hollow fiber bioreactor system, cells in suspension on the outside of the membrane. Figures 1C and 1D: Example set-up of hollow fiber bioreactor system ...

The use of a 0.2 μm pore size hollow fiber-membrane module to harvest the fermented bacteria will minimize the centrifugation step, which is one of the limiting steps in large-scale preparation.