The innate immune system senses invariant microbial components via toll-like receptors (TLRs) to elicit a host defense program against invading pathogens. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a constituent of ...

An international research team has discovered a critical protein that acts as a 'switch' regulating immune responses to viruses. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic, various new infectious diseases ...

New research from scientists at the University of Washington (UW) School of Medicine and Duke University describes how cellular RNA helps regulate antiviral signaling as part of the immune ...

The CD28 signaling pathway also plays an important role in inhibiting T cell anergy, or absence of normal immune response, via cytokine-mediated enhancement of T cell proliferation.

With a continuous increase in the elderly population, the world is going to face a “Silver Tsunami” soon. According to World Population Prospects 2019, by 2050, 1 in 6 people in the world will be over ...

Histamine receptor acts in tumor microenvironment to suppress T cell activation. Following the correlations observed, the researchers sought to clarify the possible contributions of HRH1 and its ...

Histamine is pro‐inflammatory and its signaling through defined receptors can influence innate and adaptive immune responses (Oldford & Marshall, 2015; Branco et al, 2018). Therefore, we evaluated the ...

Immune and stress responses have evolved to protect the organism from both exogenous and endogenous stimuli (Eming, 2014; Adamo, 2017; Rankin and Artis, 2018).By sensing deviations from homeostasis ...

Cytokines are the unsung heroes of the immune system, often acting as the first responders to a pathogen infection. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission ...

Histamine is an amine that is produced as part of a local immune response to cause inflammation. It also performs several important functions in the bowel and acts as a neurotransmitter or ...