First-order systems are those which can be described by first-order differential equations. A common example is the RC circuit. You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader to ...

Introduction to differential equations with an emphasis on engineering applications. Topics include first-order equations, higher-order linear equations with constant coefficients, and systems of ...

The CPML method is widely used for the first-order wave equation. For a second-order equation system, there are two different ways in implementing the unsplit-field PML/CPML. The first category ...