Contraindications. Contraindications to lumbar chymopapain chemonucleolysis include allergy to papain or papaya, cauda equina syndrome, disc migration, central or lateral recess stenosis ...

These are symptoms of a very serious condition known as cauda equina syndrome and require emergent medical attention ... The gold standard or definitive test for confirming the presence of a herniated ...

BACK pain is long seen as something that comes with age. It starts in your 30s, worsens in your 40s, and is simply a given ...

Who is this course suitable for? Due to the changing nature of MSK service delivery, this course is suitable for all musculoskeletal practitioners. It will be particularly useful to first contact ...