Before Bruce published his protocol, physicians typically used electrocardiograms or an early stress test devised by Dr Arthur M Master in which patients stepped on and off a small platform for 90 ...

Dr. Robert A. Bruce, the cardiologist who devised the now ubiquitous treadmill stress test to assess heart disease, has died. He was 87. Bruce died Thursday at the Ida Culver House, an assisted ...

A standard Bruce-protocol exercise test showed 100% specificity for CMD, verified against invasive coronary assessment as reference, with all patients showing ischemic ECG changes during the ...