Renal hypoplasia, defined as abnormally small kidneys with normal morphology and reduced nephron number, is a common cause of pediatric renal failure and adult-onset disease. Genetic studies ...

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a hereditary kidney disorder mostly caused by mutations in PKD1 or PKD2 genes. Here, we report thirteen ADPKD males with infertility ...

2003). A dorsal midline laparotomy and bilateral renal artery occlusion were then performed on each mouse on a 37.5°C heating plate. The vascular clamp was applied to reduce blood flow, and 27 min ...

Ovarian endometrioma is a benign, estrogen-dependent cyst found in women of reproductive age. Infertility is associated with ovarian endometriomas; although the exact cause is unknown, oocyte ...

All patients with kidney defects had bilateral MAC, with either microphthalmia (34–1 ... and a duplex left kidney in patient 24–1, and cysts in 34–1 and 35–2. The aetiology of MAC is complicated by a ...

If a patient is over 30 and has not had a bilateral mammogram in over six months ... Prior to a breast biopsy, the radiologist will explain the procedure in detail to the patient and answer any ...