while dams block fish migration routes and alter natural water flow. Non-native species introduced to freshwater ecosystems often outcompete native species for resources or prey on them directly. This ...
Groundwater plays an important role in sustaining aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, such as springs, wetlands, rivers and vegetation. Understanding these groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) is ...
A GDE which uses groundwater after it has been discharged to the surface. This includes all groundwater-fed surface water bodies, such as rivers, wetlands, lakes and springs. This definition refers ...