As the core regulator of energy homeostasis, AMPK can inhibit NOX activity and phosphorylate PINK1 to restore damaged mitophagy. This process improves mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative ...

The cellular process of macroautophagy/autophagy is implicated in the pathogenesis of GD and other thyroid diseases. Autophagy plays a critical role in many thyroid diseases and in different stages of ...