The immune system responds to an infection by producing antibodies that recognize and bind to the cell surface of the ...

The immune system responds to an infection by producing antibodies that recognize and bind to the cell surface of the pathogen, thus marking it as an intruder and triggering an immune response. For ...

A new study by LMU and Helmholtz Munich shows how the pathogen Trypanosoma brucei controls changes in its cell surface to evade the immune ...

The transporters associated with antigen processing (TAPs) allow antigenic peptides that have been generated in the cytosol to be transported into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER ...

“Trypanosomes are masters at hiding from the immune system through antigenic variation,” says Siegel. “Their cells are enshrouded by a dense, homogeneous coat of surface ...

Antigenic variation is a key mechanism by which pathogens evade the immune system. New research has shown how trypanosomes change their antigen expression.