In the build up to war, the southern confederate German states voluntarily joined the Prussian-controlled Northern German Confederation. Germany was now unified. The Franco-Prussian war was ended ...

A rare work in English on the Danish-German war of 1864, which, although short (272 days), had important consequences Bismarck’s First War covers what at a glance would seem to be a minor conflict, ...

Deceased French president Francois Mitterrand in 1989 gave his approval to German unification on condition that then Chancellor Helmut Kohl opened the way for the creation of an only currency in ...

He reorganised the ‘German’ lands to 39 larger states. He also established the Confederation of the Rhine, which brought further unification to the most influential German states. The German ...