These cells target pathogens — disease-causing agents — and other foreign substances. T cells are lymphocytes, and there are three distinct classes of them: cytotoxic CD8+ T cells helper CD4 ...

T cells are the immune system’s frontline fighters. When they detect danger, they rapidly multiply and transform into effector cells that destroy pathogens.

During infection, reversible switch permits flexible formation of memory T cells, long-lived blood cells that can remember pathogen encounters and respond upon reinfection. Unexpected findings ...

Every person has 10 million to 100 million unique T cells that have a critical job in the immune system: patrolling the body for invading pathogens or cancerous cells to eliminate. Each of these T ...

Scientists exploring how our immune system responds to pathogens and cancers have ramped up their attention to CD8 + T cells, which are deployed in response to infections and malignancies and ...

“After encountering a pathogen, T cells decide early whether to form a memory, or alternatively, to become an effector cell, which has potent cell-killing abilities but is short-lived.

Helper T cells (Th cells) coordinate the immune response ... Overall, the immune system strengthens upon exposure to different pathogens. By adulthood, most people have been exposed to a range ...

Without the trillions of bacteria in the gut, muscles might not be able to knit themselves back together after an injury. According to a study published February 22 in Immunity, T cells that normally ...

The brain is a unique place. It is shielded from much of the body by the blood-brain barrier, meaning it's protected from pathogens and potentially dangerous substances that might be in our blood. And ...

Previous studies have shown that, unlike CAR-T cells, which require “considerable engineering to target and infiltrate solid tumors,” some species of bacteria can selectively colonize and ...

JK: The examples that I gave are all examples of molecules that are largely—but I’ll say for conversational purposes—only produced by microbes; we don’t make them. Flagellin proteins, cell wall ...