When we refer to surface charge analysis, we consider the charge at the interface between a material and a surrounding aqueous solution. With respect to the semiconductor field, knowing the charge at ...

Surface charges play an important role in the catalytic reaction in photoelectrochemistry. However, the spatial heterogeneities of charge transfer sites and catalytic sites at the electrode ...

Combining these properties with a reflection geometry introduces a unique surface sensitivity that independently probes ... The qualities of XUV spectroscopy attract applications such as ...

Researchers now know that a variety of factors, such as a nanoparticle’s shape, size and surface charge, affect the way that it interacts with cells. In the new work, the researchers, who are based at ...