The estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation. Patients were classified into five stages of CKD according to ...

The five stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) indicate how well the kidneys are working, ranging from stage 1 (mild kidney ...

CKD progresses through stages 1 to 5. Stage 4 CKD is the final stage before complete kidney failure in stage 5. People living with stage 4 CKD are likely to experience a range of symptoms due to ...

Barreto et al. evaluated the effectiveness of this target for preventing renal osteodystrophy in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) who were receiving hemodialysis. Of the 101 ...