He postulated that fringing reefs develop close to the shoreline in shallow waters around volcanic islands (Figure 6). As a volcanic island begins to subside into the ocean over geological time ...

Modern coral reefs — whether deep or shallow — are under attack from a wide range of local and globally distributed anthropogenic factors. Dodge, R. E. & Vaisrys, J. R. Coral populations and ...

We still know very little about the ecology of mesophotic ecosystems, but they support long-lived protected species that form an essential part of the food web.

For the perfect Puerto Rico trip, head to this coastal beach with some amazing snorkeling, shallow reefs that are teeming with life, and a bioluminescent bay.

Coral colonies are threatened by souvenir collection from divers, and shallow reefs can be trampled by visitors. Fuel spills from powerboats and jet skis can affect coral communities and the fish ...

However, rocky reefs extend much deeper than most SCUBA divers can typically reach, into what is known as the mesophotic or "middle" light zone. While seaweeds dominate in the well-lit shallow ...

Staghorn corals occur in shallow tropical reefs, slopes, and lagoons from Israel and Jordan to the eastern coast of Africa and all the way out to islands in the Pacific, such as Vanuatu and Kiribati.

Teahupo’o has a reputation as having some of the heaviest waves in the world, which have a unique form due to a shallow coral reef. It's also renowned for the consistent number of barrels it provides.

Teahupoo is undeniably the most challenging spot for surfers to catch waves in Tahiti, producing serious swells (with waves up to 25 feet high) that break over a shallow coral reef. It's often ...

Swells creep up out of deep water and lurch over a very shallow coral reef (often only a couple of feet beneath the surface). This creates waves that can appear to break below sea level ...