Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) is known to be highly effective at treating limb motor impairments in patients with Parkinson disease (PD), but its effects on speech ...

After the precise location of the STN is defined, the microelectrode is removed from the guide tube and replaced by a quadripolar DBS lead (Medtronic model 3387) at the same coordinates.

Ultra-high-field imaging may improve the visualization of the STN, the GPi, and thalamic nuclei. Brain networks involved in symptom improvement with DBS in movement disorders, such as STN or ...

[42] The STN is a component of the basal ganglia and is located ventral to the thalamus, dorsal to the substantia nigra, and medial to the corticospinal tract. Experiences with DBS in patients ...