Hydronephrosis, also known as 'water on the kidney', is a condition that leads to the dilation of the renal pelvis - the area of the kidney where urine accumulates.

Our case and others reported in the literature indicate that pressure on the renal tissue develops slowly in hydronephrosis, leading to the local ischemia that stimulates erythropoietin production.

Diagnosis: Chronic renal insufficiency caused by obstructive hydronephrosis and accompanied ... Serial phlebotomies and laparoscopic removal of the right hydronephrotic kidney.