Thus, plants are not the helpless victims of herbivory but defend themselves against the loss of resources and energy, allowing for greater investment in reproduction and survival.

Plant defense against herbivory or host-plant resistance (HPR) describes a range of adaptations evolved by plants which improve their survival and reproduction by reducing the impact of herbivores.

Of course, herbivory, or plant predation ... how plants defend themselves against predators is a critical challenge. The ...