2011;9(1):81-96. In summary, for empiric treatment of infections of the CNS following surgery and prophylactic antibiotics for trauma (Table 2) based on consensus statements and case reports ...

The complexity of these injuries often requires a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient outcomes. Recent research has focused on various aspects of managing penetrating brain injuries ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head, or a penetrating head injury which disrupts the normal function of the brain. Physical signs and symptoms of TBI can ...

Accidents or violence can result in penetrating trauma in the adult population. Contaminated penetrating foreign bodies introduced at the time of wounding cause infection, especially high velocity ...

Brain injuries may be penetrating, meaning an object pierced through the skull to the brain. Or they may be nonpenetrating, meaning either an object hit the head or the head was suddenly jolted.