The evolution of a disease resulting in functional changes in your body is known as pathophysiology. To understand COPD’s pathophysiology, it’s important to understand the structure of the ...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) represents a complex disease with multifaceted pathophysiology involving over 20 identified genetic mutations that can contribute to disease development.

The current pathophysiology of COPD encompasses three main characteristics: emphysema, chronic bronchitis and small airway disease. Macrophages and neutrophils are implicated in this process ...

Inflammation causes fibrosis in the airways and loss ... The subgroup of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with two or more exacerbations annually is accordingly considered to have ...

The air sacs relax and deflate when you exhale, moving air out of the lungs. COPD causes the airways to become narrowed, and less air flows in and out, making breathing difficult. This can occur ...

Chronic breathlessness, coughing or excess mucus may seem minor, but they could signal chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

A serious health issue, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The prevalence of this condition is only rising with time ...

COPD is a group of progressive lung diseases that are common, preventable, and treatable. The causes of COPD can be linked to a number of factors, such as smoking, infections, family history ...