COPD具有演变缓慢和系统性影响的特点，常常伴有多种合并症，其中心血管疾病（cardiovascular disease,CVD）是最常见且重要的共病之一。研究显示COPD患者中约50％的死亡归因于心血管事件，严重影响了健康状况和生存率。

PATIENTS hospitalized with advanced obstructive emphysema are often nervous, anxious and tense, perhaps to a greater degree than the average hospital patient. Because of dyspnea and cough they ...

The global chronic obstructive pulmonary disease market size is calculated at USD 23.55 billion in 2025 and is expected to ...

Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic respiratory (lung) ...

An Osaka Metropolitan University medical research team aimed to investigate the effects of respiratory muscle dysfunction on clinical outcomes related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Two-thirds of those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), don't even know they've got it, but it's the second most common cause of emergency hospital admissions.