and a nitrogenous base. Adjacent ribose nucleotide bases are chemically attached to one another in a chain via chemical bonds called phosphodiester bonds. Unlike DNA, RNA is usually single-stranded.

A single DNA nucleotide, the base unit of the human genome, is a tiny, tiny thing. Each one is made up of only 30 atoms (plus or minus a few, depending on the base), making it much too small to be ...

called base excision repair, mismatch repair and nucleotide excision repair (NER). NER in human cells is a complex biochemical process during which a large multiprotein complex is assembled at ...