Hoping for Lenin’s recovery and believing that their joint action would be more effective than his own solitary effort, Trotsky bided his time. Meanwhile Stalin acted. It was about this time ...

Or was that all? “Stalin’s . . . spite,” wrote Lenin, “. . . is a most evil factor in politics.” Said Trotsky: “He is a kind of opportunist with a bomb.” In the outer world ...

A brilliant orator and military strategist, as well as an outstanding literary critic, Trotsky was out-foxed and out-maneuvered by Joseph Stalin in the leadership struggle which followed Lenin's ...

Lenin’s adoption of Trotsky’s perspective was bitterly opposed by many “Old Bolsheviks,” including Stalin. Prior to Lenin’s return to Russia in April 1917, the position taken by Stalin ...

While Lenin and Trotsky had hoped that the NEP would be ... The growing political power of Stalin, and the bureaucratic dictatorship with which his name is associated, was not an inevitable ...

Trotsky went on to found and lead the Red Army, playing a decisive role in the Soviet Union’s victory in the civil war (1918–1924). However, after Lenin’s death, he lost a power struggle with Joseph ...