In the inactive conformation, the a-subunit of the G protein binds to GDP and is bound to a beta-gamma complex (a). Upon receptor activation by its ligand, there is an exchange of GDP for GTP (b).

Cell membranes protect and organize cells. All cells have an outer plasma membrane that regulates not only what enters the cell, but also how much of any given substance comes in. Unlike ...

The numerous cells that make up mammalian tissues are surrounded by an intricate network of proteins known as the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, these proteins provide cells with a structural ...

During endocytosis, the target cell's membrane ... intracellular calcium concentration induced by the binding of extracellular vesicles to the target cells." This process where a cell secretes a ...