Charged amino acid side chains can form ionic bonds, and polar amino acids are capable of forming hydrogen bonds. Hydrophobic side chains interact with each other via weak van der Waals interactions.

By converting their data into sounds, scientists discovered how hydrogen bonds contribute to the lightning-fast gyrations that transform a string of amino acids into a functional, folded protein.

For their analysis, the team focused on hydrogen bonds, which are weak bonds that the protein forms internally between the atoms in its amino acids and with the water surrounding it. These bonds are ...

For the first time, EPFL researchers have exclusively observed molecules participating in hydrogen bonds in liquid ... sugars, amino acids, DNA, or proteins," Roke says. "As CVS is not limited ...

Proteins can further fold and assemble into complex structures, such as α-helices and β-sheets, which are stabilized by various interactions, including hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges, and ...

Uracil forms hydrogen bonds with adenine in RNA, contributing to the molecule's structure and function. (Image: Public Domain) Uracil was first discovered in 1900 by the Italian chemist Alberto Ascoli ...

In these drawings, every line is a bond and every bend is a carbon atom. Most hydrogen atoms are not shown, and it is assumed each carbon has enough hydrogens so that each carbon has four bonds.

Free RNA nucleotides form hydrogen bonds with the exposed DNA strand nucleotides ... Peptide bonds form between the adjacent amino acids to finalise the structure.