Contemporary logic circuits use MOSFETs as the elements to build gates, but there are many ways to implement them. Using relays is one of them, and you can literally see how they work.

A recent paper in Nature Communications discusses how to 3D print common logic gates ... that is future work for the team. These aren’t the first proposed micromechanical gates.

Logic gates have one or two 0 or 1 inputs but only one 0 or 1 output as in the following examples. Transistors make up gates, gates make up circuits, and circuits make up electronic systems.

Researchers have engineered E. coli with the key molecular circuitry that will enable genetic engineers to program cells to communicate and perform computations. A team of UCSF researchers has ...

When pulsed at their inputs, they change their state. To learn how gates work in a circuit, see Boolean logic. THIS DEFINITION IS FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY. All other reproduction requires permission.

The logic gate technology functions by giving immune ... “Our groundbreaking work at Senti is showing that one can harness synthetic biology technologies to create programmable, smart medicines ...

By combining these two types of transistors in a complementary way, we can create CMOS logic gates. We won't go into the intricate details of how transistors work physically in this article ...

Memristors, a type of circuit element based on magnetic flux, were first proposed back in 1971, but remained limited to the realm of theory until 2008. That's when some researchers from HP Labs ...