Measurements of these forms of matter are important for various purposes, including helping to understand the formation of ...

This is the force that binds quarks and gluons together to form protons, neutrons and other particles generically called hadrons. Theorists use lattice QCD, a computational method for solving QCD ...

Simulations of equations from the Standard Model of particle physics are too difficult for classical supercomputers. In this ...

Leptons are particles that can exist on their own. Protons and neutrons belong to the ‘family’ of hadrons. The hadrons are the heavier particles. All hadrons are made of quarks (which can only ...