Built by the Moors in a defensive position at the heart of the Caliphate of Cordoba, Cuenca is an unusually well-preserved medieval fortified city. Conquered by the Castilians in the 12th century, it ...

noting the outer wall built by Saint Louis in the 12th century for fortification. The discussion touches on the influence of Spanish culture due to the city's proximity to Spain, as well as a ...

Its 13th-century ramparts and more than 200 warehouses and wealthy merchants' dwellings from the same period make it the best-preserved fortified commercial city in northern Europe. Description is ...