an azimuthal quantum number, which represented the magnitude of the electron’s angular momentum; and the magnetic quantum number, which described the size of its magnetic moment. These additions ...

Highly charged heavy ions form a very suitable experimental field for investigating quantum electrodynamics (QED), the ...

In contrast, the electron number density in a quantum plasma is much higher and the temperature correspondingly lower. Reporting in Physical Review Letters, Gert Brodin and co-workers 1 have ...

It came when the one electron of the hydrogen atom transitioned from the 2P 1/2 energy level to the 2S 1/2 level. (The leftmost number is the principal quantum number, much like the discrete but ...

An electron, which we tend to think of as a ... RSA is based on the factorisation of big numbers into their unique prime factors. RSA2048 is currently unbreakable by modern computers. But a recent ...

Untangling quantum entanglement with new calculation formulas Scientists develop simplified formulas to quantify quantum entanglement in strongly correlated electron systems Date: March 11, 2025 ...

IBM’s Scanning Tunneling Microscope, or STM for short, uses an atomically sharp needle that passes over the surface of an (electrically conductive) object – the distance between the tip and ...

Once described by Einstein as "spooky action at a distance," quantum entanglement may now seem less intimidating in light of new research findings. Osaka Metropolitan University physicists have ...

Researchers have experimentally demonstrated a quantum tornado ... space is a fundamental concept in physics that describes electron motion in terms of energy and direction, rather than their ...

Researchers in Switzerland have replaced the electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells with a thin layer of quantum dots. On an area of 0.08cm 2, they achieved a record efficiency of 25. ...

By using every two adjacent MOSFETS to repeat the process as above, a block of unpredictable and random numbers will be created ... characteristics of NeoPUF and quantum tunneling PUF, including their ...