Thin oceanic crust is formed by decompression melting of the upper mantle at mid-ocean ridges, but the origin of the thick and buoyant continental crust is enigmatic. Juvenile continental crust ...

New crust is continually being pushed away from divergent ... boundary where the two plates meet is called a convergent boundary. Deep trenches appear at these boundaries, caused by the oceanic ...

Oceanic transform faults have historically been thought of as simple, predictable features. They represent the least well-studied of the three major plate boundaries, which include divergent ...