Around 700 million years ago, Earth was a very different planet—gripped by extreme deep freezes during the Cryogenian period. Enormous glaciers, kilometers thick, stretched across vast regions ...

In orbit around the white planet is a single cratered moon. You are gazing on Earth in the Cryogenian period, 700 million years ago. This is about three times as long ago as the earliest dinosaurs ...

Vase-shaped microfossils (VSMs) occupy a narrow range in the fossil record, with identifiable taxa appearing late in the Tonian Period (ca. 1000-720 Ma) and disappearing near the onset of the ...