Usually the NMR spectrum shows more signals than different nuclei in the sample due to line splitting and couplings between the nuclei. The amount of splitting (number of lines) and magnitude of the ...

(This is the direct through-space interaction between pairs of magnetic dipoles, not the J-coupling seen in liquids, which operates through chemical bonds). The energy of interaction between a pair of ...

In NMR spectroscopy, adjacent nuclei communicate via chemical bonds. The spectrum observes this contact as “couplings” that divide spectral lines into doublets, triplets, and more ...

In addition, the resonance frequencies are purturbed by the existance of neighboring NMR active nuclei, in a manner dependent on the bonding electrons that connect the nuclei. This is knows as ...

d) The indirect spin-spin coupling is a magnetic interaction between at least two NMR nuclei which is transmitted by bonding electrons. This interaction (sometimes also called J coupling) is only ...