Thomas Digges (1546-1595) translated Copernicus’ ideas into English and added a few ideas of his own. This diagram offers a hint at one of those ideas: that the star field was not a fixed shell ...

Edwin Hubble’s photo; Martellus’ world map; Copernicus’ diagram of the solar system. Edwin Hubble’s photo that provided the first clue in calculating the size of the universe; the Apollo ...

As a result, Copernicus’ famous diagram of the solar system is actually not entirely different from what Ptolemy had drawn 1,400 years earlier. “Those two diagrams have a lot in common ...

Let me add a bit of detail to the explanation and to the diagrams that Weinberg gives there. Copernicus's system did not offer any significant improvement over the accuracy of the Ptolemaic ...

His picture encapsulates some of the essential elements of the best diagrams. The concentric circles are not meant to describe the precise orbits of the planets. Copernicus knew they weren't circles.