Heat energy is conducted from the hot end of an object to the cold end. The atoms are fixed in place but are free to vibrate. When part of a solid absorbs heat energy the atoms vibrate faster and ...

Convection occurs when particles with a lot of heat energy in a liquid or gas move and take the place of particles with less heat energy. Convection in a liquid Convection in a liquid can be seen ...

Dr. Julien's primary areas of research are in the dynamics and instability processes in geophysical and astrophysical fluid dynamics. These include turbulent fluid convection and the effects of ...

"While convection is a well-understood phenomenon in wide-open spaces like the atmosphere or oceans, the behavior of heat in super-confined spaces has remained somewhat of a mystery because it ...