This paper examines how negative shocks due to, for example, natural disasters, propagate through supply chains, applying a simulation technique to actual data on supply chains of Japanese firms. We ...

We have succeeded in inducing and guiding chain polymerization over tiny distances, initiating and terminating linear propagation at any chosen point to a spatial precision of about 1 nm by using ...

We also find a positive indirect effect of the group subsidies on firms in disaster-hit prefectures that did not receive any group subsidy but were linked through supply chains with a recipient firm.